European crypto and digital-asset infrastructure (MiCA)
47 verified European providers, ranked European-origin first (37 EU/EEA-origin). CASP custody, euro stablecoins (EMT) and tokenization - MiCA-authorised, verified against the register. Compare by EEA data residency, licence and regulator - each verified at source.
Since MiCA, European crypto infrastructure is a licensed industry: custody, exchange and transfer need CASP authorisation, euro stablecoins are regulated e-money tokens - and the register, not the whitepaper, is the source of truth (browse every CASP in the official register). The sovereignty story writes itself here: MiCA euro stablecoins vs US-controlled USDC and USDT. Licence semantics - CASP, EMT and the July 2026 deadline: the MiCA guide.
47 verified providers
Last source verification in this list: 2026-07-19. How we verify →
21X AG (DE) - operator of a regulated on-chain exchange & settlement system for tokenized securities. BaFin-authorised under the EU DLT Pilot Regime (DLT-TSS, 2025) - not MiCA (financial instruments). Sovereignty-relevant tokenized-markets infra.
AllUnity (DE) - JV of DWS, Flow Traders and Galaxy Digital (Deutsche Bank group). Issues EURAU, Germanys first regulated euro stablecoin. EMI authorised by BaFin (2025).
Bank Frick (Liechtenstein; family-owned, founded 1998) - banking and acquiring for PSPs and fintechs; the only Liechtenstein bank with both Visa and Mastercard acquiring licences, and the first EU bank in blockchain banking (2018). First Liechtenstein entry in the catalogue.
🏦 Local IBANs: GB DE LU
Banking Circle S.A. (Luxembourg) - cross-border banking, accounts, payments and settlement for banks, PSPs and fintechs; issues the EURI euro stablecoin. Credit institution, CSSF (LUB00000408); not the unrelated 'Circle Group S.A.'.
Bitpanda (Vienna) - MiCA CASP via FMA Austria (+ dual rail CSSF Luxembourg). B2B arm Bitpanda Technology Solutions = white-label investing/crypto infrastructure for banks.
Bitpanda Technology Solutions (Vienna, Austria) - B2B white-label investing + digital-asset infrastructure (stocks, ETFs, crypto, custody, tokenization) for banks/fintechs. Relies on Bitpanda VASP (Austria FMA + AMF), MiFID II investment-firm, PSD2 and MiCA (BaFin) authorisations. Client: N26.
Bitstamp (HQ Luxembourg; founded Slovenia 2011) - one of Europes oldest exchanges. CSSF MiCA CASP (16 May 2025). Acquired by Robinhood (US, 2025).
Bitvavo (Amsterdam) - largest Dutch crypto exchange. AFM MiCA CASP (full ten-service authorisation, 2024-2025).
Boerse Stuttgart Digital Custody GmbH - BaFin MiCA CASP (custody + transfers). White-label crypto infrastructure for banks (e.g. DZ Bank).
Cashlink (Germany) - tokenized-securities infrastructure: issuance, smart-contract registry (eWpG) and digital-asset custody. BaFin crypto securities registrar + qualified crypto custodian (KWG).
Clearstream Digital Custody (Clearstream Banking S.A., Deutsche Boerse group, Luxembourg) - institutional digital-asset custody and settlement (D7). CSSF-authorised.
Confirmo (founded 2014, Central-European roots; regulated via Confirmo Limited, Ireland) - crypto and stablecoin payment gateway for merchants and PSPs: BTC/USDC/USDT acceptance, settlement and mass payouts. Dual Irish authorisation: MiCA CASP + Payment Institution (Central Bank of Ireland). Register-sourced: MiCA CASP, Central Bank of Ireland (CBI), ref 984500F75CJ82D8B7D76; passported to 30 EEA states.
Conio (Milan/San Francisco; Italian team) - bitcoin and digital-asset custody for banks: patented multi-signature custody (three keys, offline bank-held recovery key) white-labelled by Banca Generali (BG Conio) and other institutions; USD 14m round led by Banca Generali (2020).
Deblock (FR/UK; ex-Revolut founders) - account + non-custodial crypto wallet. AMF MiCA CASP (crypto-crypto, crypto-cash, order execution).
Fipto (Paris) - blockchain B2B payments / stablecoin settlement infrastructure. AMF MiCA CASP (custody, crypto-cash, order execution, transfers).
GoCrypto by Eligma (Ljubljana) - crypto-payment acceptance network for in-store & online merchants (A2A/crypto checkout); pursued Bank of Slovenia e-money authorisation.
Hauck Aufhäuser Digital Custody GmbH (DE) - crypto custody arm of private bank Hauck Aufhäuser Lampe (ABN AMRO group). BaFin MiCA CASP (custody + transfers). Site now under Bethmann HAL (bethmann-hal.de).
Januar (Copenhagen, Denmark) - payments and account infrastructure for crypto and fintech businesses: EUR accounts and payment rails under a PSD2 payment-institution licence (Finanstilsynet) since 2021, extended with a MiCA CASP authorisation for trading, custody and stablecoin infrastructure.
LCX AG (Vaduz, Liechtenstein) - regulated crypto-asset exchange + tokenization / RWA, token custody. FMA-regulated (reg. 288159) under Liechtenstein TVTG (Blockchain Act); filed a MiCA pre-application (among first MiCA-ready exchanges in Liechtenstein; EEA passport once granted). Founded 2018.
Ledger (Paris) - hardware security (HSM) + institutional self-custody tech (Ledger Enterprise / Vault). Software/hardware infra vendor (clients hold any CASP licence). EEA HQ (FR).
Membrane Finance Oy (Helsinki) - issuer of EUROe, the first EU-regulated euro stablecoin (pre-MiCA EMI, transitioned to MiCA). EMI authorised by FIN-FSA (Finland). EUROe site now redirects to Paxos (EUROe redemptions via paxos.com) - Membrane Finance acquired by Paxos (US).
Monerium ehf (Iceland, EEA) - first licensed e-money on blockchain (FME authorisation 2019). Issues EURe euro e-money with on-chain IBAN.
Northstake (Copenhagen, Denmark; founded 2021) - institutional staking infrastructure (ETH staking vaults for regulated financial institutions, asset managers and custodians); supervised by the Danish FSA. Register-sourced: MiCA CASP, Finanstilsynet, ref 98450010C0CB6A4E8A79; passported to 30 EEA states.
Quantoz Payments BV (NL) - EMI supervised by De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB). Issues EURQ + USDQ (MiCA-authorised late 2024).
Ramp Network (Warsaw, Poland; founded 2017 by Przemek Kowalczyk and Szymon Sypniewicz) - crypto on/off-ramp infrastructure: fiat-to-crypto payment rails embedded in wallets and apps (8M+ end users; USD 53m Series B). Polish-founded Web3 infra with an EEA MiCA licence. Register-sourced: MiCA CASP, Central Bank of Ireland (CBI), ref 89450036UW3ID72T1M84.; passported to 30 EEA states.
Schuman Financial (FR) - issuer of EUROP euro stablecoin. EMI authorised by ACPR. Backed by RockawayX, Kraken Ventures.
Société Générale-FORGE (France) - the digital-asset subsidiary of Société Générale, issuing the EURCV (euro) and USD CoinVertible stablecoins. ACPR-licensed credit institution + EMI.
StablR (Malta) - EMI supervised by MFSA. Issues EURR + USDR stablecoins under MiCA. Strategic investment from Tether (2024).
🏦 Local IBANs: LU
Striga (Luxembourg) - crypto BaaS, card issuing and virtual IBANs. EMI + CASP licence (Luxembourg). Acquired by Lightspark (US) - sovereignty flag.
Tangany GmbH (Munich) - crypto custody & wallet infrastructure-as-a-service. BaFin MiCA CASP (custody + transfers).
Tokeny (Luxembourg) - tokenization platform for regulated/real-world assets; created the ERC-3643 (T-REX) permissioned-token standard. Software vendor (issuers/CASPs hold the licence). Owned by Apex Group.
VP Bank Ltd (Vaduz, Liechtenstein) - FMA-regulated private bank (est. 1956); digital-asset custody + tokenization (registered FMA token creator/custodian under TVTG, 2021; Metaco/Ripple custody tech). EEA-based.
AMINA Bank AG (Zug, ex-SEBA) - FINMA banking licence (2019); regulated crypto banking, custody, staking, tokenization (with Taurus, Tokeny, 21X). Non-EEA HQ (CH).
Bitcoin Suisse AG (Zug, founded 2013) - institutional crypto custody, staking, brokerage. Swiss securities-dealer licence; FINMA AML supervision. Non-EEA HQ (CH).
Metaco (Zug) - institutional digital-asset custody orchestration tech (Harmonize). Acquired by Ripple (2023). Software vendor to banks (DZ Bank etc.), not itself a CASP. Non-EEA HQ (CH).
Sygnum Bank AG (Zurich) - FINMA-licensed digital-asset bank; custody, tokenization, brokerage. Also Luxembourg/Liechtenstein presence. Non-EEA HQ (CH).
Taurus SA (Geneva/Zug, founded 2018) - enterprise custody, tokenization & trading infrastructure for banks. FINMA-regulated securities firm, DORA-compliant. Tech vendor (clients hold CASP). Non-EEA HQ (CH).
BVNK (London, UK) - stablecoin-powered cross-border payments & settlement (USDC/USDT/EURC rails). EU EMI (Belgium). Mastercard acquisition announced (up to USD 1.8bn, closing 2026).
Fiat Republic (London, UK; founded 2021) - banking and payments API for crypto platforms: virtual IBANs, SEPA and Faster Payments access, FX and compliance via one API, plus the EagleNet closed-loop settlement network between members.V. (ESMA register).
Zodia Custody (UK origin; Standard Chartered, Northern Trust, SBI). EEA entity Zodia Custody (Europe) S.A. - CSSF MiCA CASP (custody + transfers).
BitGo Europe GmbH - BaFin MiCA CASP (custody, exchange, execution, transfers). US parent BitGo = CLOUD Act exposure; EEA rail via DE entity.
Circle (US) - issuer of the USDC and EURC stablecoins; EU-issued USDC/EURC via Circle France (ACPR EMI), reserves held in EU credit institutions per MiCA Art. 36. US parent = CLOUD Act exposure.
Fireblocks (US/Israel) - MPC-based digital-asset custody, wallet & transfer infrastructure (SaaS). Software vendor, not an EEA-licensed CASP. US origin = CLOUD Act exposure. Contrast entry.
Hidden Road Partners CIV NL B.V. - AFM (NL) MiCA CASP. Digital-asset prime brokerage; acquired by Ripple (2025). US lineage.
MoonPay (Miami, US; founded 2019) - crypto on/off-ramp and payments infrastructure used by wallets and apps in 160+ countries: card and Apple/Google Pay checkout rendered on the developer's own domain.V. (Netherlands, ESMA register). Contrast / US.
Paxos Issuance Europe Oy - EU arm of US issuer Paxos. Issues USDG (Global Dollar Network). EMI authorised by FIN-FSA (Finland). US parent = CLOUD Act exposure.
Zero Hash (Chicago, US; founded 2017) - B2B crypto and stablecoin infrastructure-as-a-service: regulated APIs powering crypto and stablecoin flows for Stripe, Interactive Brokers, Franklin Templeton and BlackRock's BUIDL. Contrast / US.
FAQ
What is a MiCA CASP?
A crypto-asset service provider authorised under MiCA for custody, exchange or transfer - passportable across the EEA and mandatory for serving EU clients from 1 July 2026. Fintechnologica lists 47 verified providers (37 European-origin), checked against the ESMA register.
Are there European alternatives to USDC and USDT?
Yes - MiCA e-money tokens: EURCV (SG-FORGE), EURe (Monerium), EUROe (Membrane), EURQ (Quantoz), EURR (StablR), EUROP (Schuman) and EURI (Banking Circle). Euro-denominated, EEA-supervised, redeemable at par - without the US jurisdiction exposure of USDC/USDT.